作者;薛涛,周奇峰,潘立群,薛建辉,陈德轩,施义,邹浩生,闵锋 [摘要] 目的 初步新加黄龙汤加减保留灌肠对食管、贲门癌术后肺功能恢复的。 选择南京中医药大学附属胸外科食管、贲门癌手术患者27例,随机分为试验组和对照组两组。试验组术后给予新加黄龙汤加减保留灌肠,对照组常规,将两组用药后动脉血气、体温、痰量、胸腔引流量及胸管拔除时间进行统计并对照,探讨新加黄龙汤对食管、贲门癌术后肺功能的影响。结果 试验组术后发热天数减少(P=0.000)、胸腔引流管拔除时间比对照组提前(P=0.028),术后第3天胸腔引流量减少比对照组加快,两组比较,差异有显著性(P=0.009),术后第5天胸腔引流量减少两组差异无显著性(P=0.719);术后咳痰量第2、3、4天试验组较对照组增多(P2=0.032、P3=0.000、P4=0.003),第5天较对照组减少(P5=0.008),差异有显著性;术后第1、5天动脉血气分析两组均正常,差异无显著性,试验组用药后较用药前改善(PSaO2=0.009、PPO2=0.012、PPCO2=0.028),差异有显著性。结论 新加黄龙汤加减保留灌肠,能减少食管、贲门癌患者术后发热天数、减少胸腔引流量及拔管时间,促进排痰,加快肺功能的恢复,从而减少肺炎、肺不张等并发症的发生率,节省医疗资源、减轻患者负担。 [关键词] 新加黄龙汤;食管、贲门癌术后;肺与大肠相表里;肺功能;灌肠 Clinical study of the impact of pulmonary function by enteroclystering with Xinjiahuanglong decoction after resection of esophageal carcinoma or cardiac carcinoma XUE Tao,ZHOU Qi-feng,PAN Li-qun,et al.Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210029,China [Abstract] Objective paper deals on the impact of pulmonary function by enteroclystering with Xinjiahuanglong decoction after resection of esophageal carcinoma or cardiac carcinoma.Methods Patients after resection of esophageal carcinoma or cardiac carcinoma were separated randomly into two groups:experimental group and comparative group.The experimental group enteroclystered with Xinjiahuanglong decoction,besides the comparative group treatment.After wards observe the arterial oxygen gas analysis,body temperature,the capacity of hydrothorax,the time of removing the thoracic close drainage were measured.Results The experimental group has fewer days of fever than the comparative group(P=0.000),the experimental group spent less time than the comparative group in removing the thoracic close drainage(P=0.028),the amount of hydrothorax in the experimental group reduce faster than those of the comparative group in the 3rd day after resection(P=0.009),whereas in the 5th day no differences are found(P=0.719).The amount of sputum of the experimental group on 2/3/4 days after operation is more than that of the comparative group(P2=0.032、P3=0.000、P4=0.003),but lesser in the 5th day(P5=0.008).The arterial oxygen gas analysis of the two groups are all up to snuff,but the experimental group improves (PSaO2=0.009,PPO2=0.012,PPCO2=0.028).Conclusion Xinjiahuanglong decoction decreasing the time of fever days and shortening the time of removing the thoracic close drainage.It can improve the recover of the pulmonary function,and therefore reduce the incidence rate of complication as pneumonia and atelectasis, results in saving the medical resource,and relieving the patients’ economic burden. [Key words] Xinjiahuanglong decoction;postoperation of esophageal carcinoma or cardiac carcinoma;the interior and exterior relationship between the lung and the large intestine;pulmonary function;enteroclyster 食管癌和贲门癌是我国最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,江苏省又是高发区之一。根治性手术是治疗食管癌和贲门癌最有效的方法,然而术后肺炎、肺不张、肺水肿、成人呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)等肺部并发症仍然是导致患者死亡的主要原因及危险因素[1]。如何有效地预防这类并发症,促进患者术后肺功能的恢复,是临床多年探索的课题之一。笔者将27例食管、贲门癌术后患者随机分为常规治疗组(对照组)和常规治疗加中药灌肠组(试验组)两组,观察中药灌肠对食管、贲门癌术后肺功能的影响,现将结果报告如下。 1 资料与方法 1.1 一般资料 选择南京中医药大学附属医院胸外科住院行食管、贲门癌(经胸)手术病人27例,按随机表分为2组。其中男18例,女9例,尽量选择同一治疗小组病例,两组年龄、吸烟指数、术前肺功能经统计学分析,均差异无显著性。手术方式:弓上吻合术17例、弓下吻合术10例,手术均为全麻,因此避免了术前因素及手术对本试验结果的影响,术后均常规给予吸氧、雾化吸入、抗感染、解痉、镇痛等治疗,因此具有可比性。 1.2 治疗方法 试验组:常规治疗配合新加黄龙汤加减保留灌肠(煎剂约150ml,由南京中医药大学附属医院中药房提供并协助统一进行煎制),于术后第2、3、4天,1次/d,基本方药如下:生大黄15g(后下),芒硝3g(冲服),生地15g,玄参15g,麦冬15g,当归5g,党参10g,生姜6g,葶苈子20g,桑白皮10g,中药煎剂温度约37℃~38℃,患者取左侧卧位,臀部抬高,肛管插入肛内约15cm,用约15min将中药汤剂滴入肠腔,滴完后患者臀部抬高1h。对照组:常规治疗。 2 结果 本研究表明:新加黄龙汤加减保留灌肠,能减少食管、贲门癌患者术后发热天数,减少胸腔引流量及拔管时间,促进排痰,促进肺功能的恢复,从而减少肺炎、肺不张、胸腔积液等并发症的发生,并且中药灌肠,副作用小、制备简便易行、用药方便安全,价格较低,可节省医疗资源、减轻患者的经济负担。但作为一种辅助治疗手段,我们仍不能忽视术后抗感染、化痰解痉、吸氧、闭式引流等常规治疗措施。见表1~6。 表1 两组术后发热天数比较 (天)  注:与对照组比较,P<0.05 表2 两组胸腔引流管拔除时间比较 (天)  注:与对照组比较,P<0.05
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